Effect of Formulation on the Release Kinetics of the Antibiotics from Biocompatible Ceramics

Abstract

Release kinetics of a drug from the ceramic drug delivery carrier depends on various parameters such as nature of the ceramic, binder, porosity of the ceramics, particle size of the ceramic and, solubility as well as nature of the drug. In the present study effect of formulation on the release kinetics of the drug from hydroxyapatite, the carrier was studied. Hydroxyapatite and Zirconia were taken as ceramic carriers and the model drugs taken for comparison are ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and levofloxacin whereas polyvinyl alcohol was added as a binder. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride shows a sustained release whereas levofloxacin shows burst release from the ceramic drug carrier. The percentage of polyvinyl alcohol added to the drug played a vital role as a higher concentration of the polymer affects the stability of the drug carrier. Hydroxyapatite/zirconia composite shows sustained release (29%) when compared to pure hydroxyapatite (43%) and zirconia (37%) after 6 hours of immersion in simulated body fluid. Release kinetics shows that the solubility of the drug, concentration of the binder, and the ratio of ceramics in the composites decides the release kinetics of the drug from the drug delivery carrier.